Anime, also referred to as Japanimation, is a form of animated media originating from Japan that combines both hand-drawn and computer-generated techniques. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” and within Japan, it encompasses all types of animated productions. However, outside Japan, “anime” specifically denotes animation created in Japan or those featuring a distinctive Japanese style—characterized by vivid graphics, lively characters, and fantastical themes. This broad interpretation allows for the possibility of anime produced outside Japan, as long as it adopts the traditional Japanese aesthetic.
The history of Japanese animation dates back to 1917, making it one of the earliest forms of commercial animation in Japan. A notable artistic style emerged in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka, which gained widespread popularity both domestically and internationally during the latter half of the 20th century. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical screenings, television broadcasts, direct-to-home media, and via the Internet. Many anime are original works, but a significant number are adaptations of manga (Japanese comics), light novels, or video games.
Over time, anime production techniques have evolved in response to technological advances. As a multimedia art form, anime integrates graphic art, character development, cinematography, and innovative visual effects. The focus in production often leans more towards creating realistic settings and dynamic camera techniques—such as panning, zooming, and varied angles—rather than solely emphasizing movement. The art styles are diverse, with character proportions and features ranging from exaggerated, large expressive eyes to more realistic depictions.
Anime spans numerous genres, catering to both broad and niche audiences. Additionally, within the fandom community, terms such as “wapanese” (referring to white individuals who aspire to Japanese culture) and “weeaboo” (used for those with a strong obsession with Japanese anime culture) have emerged in the United States, reflecting the influence and global reach of anime culture.
